Trading platforms
Trading platforms provide the technology through which institutional and retail investors buy and sell financial instruments — equities, fixed income, derivatives, foreign exchange, and commodities. At the institutional level, trading platforms handle order management, execution algorithms, market access, and transaction cost analysis. European retail trading platforms like DEGIRO, Trade Republic, and eToro have significantly lowered the cost and friction of market participation.
Execution systems
Execution systems are the technology infrastructure that handles the mechanics of completing financial market transactions — routing orders to exchanges and trading venues, managing order books, handling partial fills, and confirming trades. Best execution requirements under MiFID II have driven significant investment in execution quality measurement and reporting, making execution systems a compliance concern as well as a performance one.
Market data
Market data platforms collect, normalise, and distribute the real-time and historical price, volume, and reference data that financial market participants depend on for trading decisions, risk management, and compliance reporting. The quality, latency, and breadth of market data has become a competitive differentiator, particularly for algorithmic trading firms and quantitative investment strategies.
Algorithmic trading
Algorithmic trading uses computer programmes to execute financial market transactions automatically based on predefined rules — timing, price, quantity, or complex mathematical models. Algorithms now account for the majority of trading volume on major European exchanges. Fintech companies in this space build the strategies, infrastructure, and risk management tools that algorithmic trading requires, from retail copy-trading platforms to institutional high-frequency trading systems.
Settlement systems
Settlement systems handle the final transfer of securities and funds between counterparties after a trade is agreed — confirming that the buyer receives the securities and the seller receives the cash. European market infrastructure is moving toward T+1 settlement (completing within one business day of trading), requiring investment in faster, more automated post-trade processes. Settlement failures carry regulatory consequences and operational costs, making settlement infrastructure a risk management priority.